Variable-speed controller.



I R. HERMAN.

VARIABLE SPEED CONTROLLER. APPLICATION FILED OCT. 29, I912.

Pafien'ted July 20, 1915.

ZQSHEETS-SHEET l.

" I llllllllllllllllllllllliI M iililllllllllllluallmlllllllillilIlllllI V WIT/VESSEL? '1 L INVENTOR X Q M v R. HERMAN. I VARIABLE SPEED CONTROLLER.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 29' I912.

' Patented July 20, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2;

wiiiiiihii IQUTNESSES I flfw I [NVLNTUR m- Attorney Toall wlwni itbnay concern:

'. 1 EI1 IHoLn HERMAN, or GRAFTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

Be it knownthat'LiRnixnonn HERMAN, a

citizenof the "United States; and residing at Grafton; in thelcountypf Allegheny and StateofPennsylvania, have invented certainjnefw and"useful Improvements inIVariing is asp'ecificatiom able-Speed. @ontrol'lerstof which the followvariable speed tontrhllersyahd has part icu-- lar relation .tov devices in whlch the control,- ler' acts as;atlniingjelement1n performing work, a Amon'g' .-the objects of my invention are: (1) Toprovidea deviceof this character in e g which a reciprocating member has its movelne'nt n one direct on capable of variation in speed of movement perunit 'of time, thereby -controlling the' movements and operation of a work performing device. (2) To provide a deviceofthis character involving the prinfciple' of trans'ference of liquid to opposite 3 sidesof;a ,p1sto'n;1 and n which the pressures are exerted in afdirection to substantially. 25

prevent leakage oflth'e fluid. (3) To provide; a device of this character involving the employment of a fiuidtra'nsference to oppo site sides'"of apistonand whichis constructed in a manner 'to substantially eliminate the introduction of air into the I device duringoperati'on' thereofi I @Other and further objectsofthe invention are to provide 'adevice which is simple and eflicientin'operation, durable in construct10n,-- not'l1able to be damaged, easy to 1nstall, and maintailrin operativecondition,

and which can 'be:maint ained at a relatively low'cost. I

' Tothese -and otherwends thenature of which will be readily und'erstood' as the invention "is hereinafter disclosed, said invention "consists .the improved construction and, combination of parts 'hereina fter fully described, "illustrated in the accompanying drawings,-qandparticularly pointed out in theappended'claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which similar referencecharacters indicate similar parts in each of the views: Figure lis a front elevation of a blue print ng apparatus,

showing my invention 1n use. -Fig.-'2 1s a "side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a central --"longitudina1, sectional view taken,,

' Fig. 4 is": across+sectionalview taken on the line through the improved controller.

v I VARIABLE-SPEED CONTROLLER.

i Specification of Letters Patent. 7

of Fig. 3, and, Fig. :15- a cross-sectional view taken-on the line 55 of F igj3. v

The present invention is designed -more particularlyfor use in connectionwith blueprinting apparatus wherethe. source of light in the form of a' lamp is adapted'tocoop-I; crate with the printing frame for the purpose of providing the print,- the controlling device acting to control the speed of travel of the lamp or control the time of exposure.

, \Vhile I have shown the device in connection with blue-printing apparatus, it is to beunderstood thatI do not limit its appli-- with any mechanism which is to be controlled either as to time or speed or both.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 4, and'5, 10 designates .a cylinder having its :lower end '11'closedto preve'nt fluid leakage,

. ratentea u zdioia f Applicationfi1ed-Oc'coher29; 1912, Serial No. 728,521.

. cation to this particular kind of apparatus,

but reserve the right to'use it in connection 170 either by forming the end integral or by the use of a cap, the upper end of the cylinder being closed by a cap 12,-preferably threaded to the cylinder and rendered substantially fluid-tight by the use of packing. Cooperating with the cylinder isa piston structure by means of which the fluid within the cylinder is transferred from one side of the piston to the other in either direction, depending upon the direction ofmovement'of the p1ston, sa1d- PIStOII'StIUCtHIB comprising the. following-elements: 13 des gnates a tubular.-

membenforming part of the piston rod,

which member has its lower end threaded externally to receive the threaded boss 14: of

the piston,--the latter having av web 15, the outer portion of which is flanged annularly .as at 16 toprovidearface cooperating with the inner walls-of the cylinder to provide a piston action between thetwo- The Webr15 95, l is providedwith oneorimore openings extending therethrough in anypreferred ar rangement, these openings forming ports for the passage of fluid in one direction,' being closed against the passage of the fluid in the opposite direction by anannular valve 18 which surrounds the 'boss 14, which valve is normally held to its seatf'by means of a spring 19 positioned betweenthe valve and a member 20 threaded; to they sleeve member 13 below the boss 14., said member 20 notonly acting as a support forthe springbut also to practically lock the piston member in I position on the sleeve. In the form shown in the drawings, the Valve is located on the under 'sideof, the web; thereby providing for the movement of the liquidthrough the ports 17 from theupper side of the piston to the lower side, thistransference-being provided 1 by amovementlof the piston in'anupward 1 direction, the spring 1 9 yielding to-permit. the'valve tomove a distance suflicient to provide forthis transference; "obviously, an atv 1 preventing any' tr'ansference ofthe fluid '7 through theportsfrom the under to the'up- @The'trans 4 tempt to move thepiston downwardly would o I 1 both by-the spring, and by the-pressure of the cause the valve-to beheld firmly to its seat fluid against theyface ofthe valve, thus per sideof thefpiston. u L p hefluid from the 1mference Lo'f;

der to theluppersidegbfPthepiston is'provided'by a membermounted-within and fitting the interior 'of-ythe tubularorsleeved member 13, saidinner member being shown,

as in the'formof a rodj21j-which is substantially equal inlength to the length of;

i the member ,l3," although this may vary if desired, fsaid lirod whaving. its lower end formed with a recess-or depression 221 open at: itsflower end 'and eXtend-ing; inwardly of the ij rod a "distance sufiicientito carry itslightly above the plane oflthe upper face f [of the web ;15,"the:sleeved member 1'3 and' the bar or: rod; 211 being provided with. a kerf 23, which affords communication be, tween the recess 22; and the" cylinder above T the piston,ithe kerf231being preferably pro;

vided after the partsare secured in posit on-j in order that. its areaeimthe' direction of "I the length of the bar ,or rod and the "sleeve u 13 will remainconstant throughoutthe kerf depth through these parts, the kerfforming; arestrictingpassageway fo'rthe fluid dur-- ,ing fluid transference. I Inorder -,to provide the, reciprocating Jmovements'to the piston, I extend the sleeve and bar 21 through the cap 12, prefer '1 the sleeve, and threading tothe upperend J of the sleeve a stirrup member 25, which 'in ably employin a gland connection 24 for thepurpose' 0 preventing. leakage around turn is connected tomechanism-which is o adaptedtotravelinthe direction of [length of the piston rod, the-stirrup havinganin- .wardly-extending fiange 25 which .is adapted'to overhang a shoulder 21 on the 'bar or f I rod 21, said sh'oulder' being.providedby rejducing the upperend: of said bar or rod,

said reduced end extending through the flange 25 and having. secured thereto above- I said flange, the hub 26 of an actuating han- -dle'27, said-hubbeing secured in any suitablemannenas bya pin 28' passing through the hub' andtlie reduced end of the bar or rod. r

a L 29 designates 'an 'indicating plate positioned betwee'nthe hub "26 and flange 25* in any suitable manner, being preferably secured to the stirrup, said hub 26and shoulr a drip cup dei' 21 practica y Y 03Pemting with the;

flange to prevent relative'longitudinal move ment of the sleeve 13 and rod 21. The hub 26 is provided with a pointer 30 which is adapted to traverse-the indicator 29 when with 'thepointer 30, an'indicator in which the pointerand scale retain "their several positions'rega'rdlessof'the movement of the piston, the, distance between theplanes provldedf by the path of movement of the,

pointerand that provided bythe face of the indicating plate remainingconstant, the re-j l sult being that the pointer may be shifted withaccuracy at any point in the movement of travel of the piston may be made while thepistonis traveling; I v As willbe'readily understood from F the bar or rod12l is brought so as, to have its bottom walls co-incide with the bottom of the piston itself. The advantage of thisf I will beobvious in that changes in the speed 1;;

S 7 .1 3 and 4, the sleeve member 13 is held fixetfiy J 1 i against-a rotative movement-,"while the rod? or bar-2l in-rotatable, thelength of rotationbeing' substantially controlled by'thestirrup .25, 'asxwill be obviousfrom Fig. 5.: 'T It will be-clea'rthat if the kerfed portion of walls of therkerf of the sleeve 13, there. will be provided a maximum openingthrough the kerf for'thetransferenceof the fluid} ifhowever," the handle 27 be moved so as to] rotate. the'zb'ar or rod 21,1the area of the ex-g posed portion ofthe kerf'will be reduced,",'

thereby reducing the flamountgof liquid piston in the cylinder. ;Obviously,=,this rowhich may pass through the'kerfper unit of time'and thus retard the mocvem'entofthe V tative movement of the rod orbar 21may be";

continued untillthe' area of thelexposedf orl ni tion is so small as to provide but slight p leakage, in which case the'movement of the 5 piston will be extremely slow. 7

In connection with the blue-print appara tu's disclosed herein, I preferably provide} for variations in movement by the transference of the fluid through thekerf 23, so as 1 to provide atravel of thepiston at any de 1 sired speed ranging from therequirement of 1 a period of three secondsfor the travel of f the piston adistance of a foot to a require i ment;of three minutes tocprovide an equal length of travel, this ratio in the particular instance shown permitting of any variationfrom 1 to 180. If desired, I may employ .t v.

31 secured tothe flange of the cup 12.

As-willbe seen, the direction of move 'ment of the piston under the greater pres; sure is toward the bottom of the perma -j;

its I,

nently closed end' of the cylinder, thereby eliminating liability of the fluid being'i forced outward through the cylinder and 10' thehandle is shifted to rotate the rod or f v v bar 21 This particular mounting of the indicating plate 29 provides, in connection j1 providing a leak, while the movement .of

the piston in the opposite direction or toward the end through which the piston rod structure extends, is at greatly, decreased -pressure,the"fluid passing through the open.- in'gs .1 17 without, providing a material pressure tothe cylinder end and yetenabling of a comparatively rapidtransference, thisreduction in pressure tending to eliminate liability ofqtheafluid'being forced outward throughth'e gland packing. Furthermore,-

, .thel movement ofthe piston in the direction away from the cap .end 12, being relatively fjslow,,,;w-ill ]Z10t tend to 1 provide a vacuum which would serve to draw any air through "the gland. packing or toQc-ause. air to be drawn through-the fluid into'the transfer 7 controlling mechanism, consequently the. piston; structure is not liable to'ftrap air, a result which would tend to provide 'foran unevenmovement of the piston and consequently a jumping action of ;.the' lamp in operation; The particular manner in wh ch this movement; is obtained in i connection with-the blue-printing apparatusprovides for this particular direction of movement n the device. The particularconstruction of thevarious parts containedin the blue-print apparatus is not I disclosed herein, but for the purpose of explaining the v operation, I I indicate the. printing, frame at 40, the supportingframe:thereforat 41, the lamp at-42, the lamp cables at 43, the rotary circuit, connector at'44, the circuitat'45, the cut-out'at 46,. the connections between thestirrup25 and therotary circuit-connector 44 at 47,

a and theflreturning device at 48..

' means for automatically cutting out the cir.-

The con.nections 47 include 'a'lrack structure and a pinion 44 carried by the shaft of the rotary circuit-connector, the arrangemerit being such that when the weight of the lamp is brought into play, it will tend to unwind the cables from the circuit connector 44 and this movement willcause the rack 47 to descendand travel in the same direction as the lamp is traveling. By the use of a suitable stop mechanism which;

maybe adjusted on the connections 47, the cut-out 46 becomes actuated to break the circuit a'ndcut out the lamp, the result being that thespeed of travel of the lamp'maybe controlled with accuracy through the operation of the handle 27, While th length of movementacan be controlled by e adjustability of the stop so thatthere is provided cuit at the end of any predetermined; period of time and thus provide'for the making of prints withthe adjus exposure extremely accurate. 3

J \Vhile I have herein shown. and described a preferred form in which my invention may be provided and employed, it will be readily understood that changes and modifications therein maybe required or desired to meet tments as to time of the exigencies of use, and I desire it to be understood that I reserve the right to make any and all such changes or modifications as may be so requiredor desired in so far as the same may fall within the spirit and scope" of the-invention .as set forth'in the accompanying claims. a .Having thus described my invention, What I'claim as new is:- 1 In a variable speed controller, a casing,

a piston adapted to travel: axially thereof and-having a supporting member extending through one end of saidcasingya member extending through said support and adapted to coiiper'ate therewith to regulate the passage offluid from one side to the other of the piston,.'fsaid' latter member being rotatable with respect to the supporting member and held against axial movement relative thereto, said-holding means .being located outside of the casing;

I 2. In a variable speed controller, a casing, a piston adapted to travel axially thereof and having a. supporting member extending throu h one end .of said casing, itIIlQ-HlbOl extent mg through said support and adapted to cooperate therewith to. regulate'the passage of. fluid from one side toithe other of the piston, said latter member being rotatable with respect to the supporting member and held against axial movement relative thereto, said holding means. being located outside of the casing, said holding means carrying mechanism which, by the rotation of the rotatable member will'provide visual-indications pertaining to the speed of travel of the piston, 'saidmecha nism including a stationary and a rotatable member, the plane of the path of travel of said latter member being constant indis- [tance to the plane of the stationary-member.

3. In a variable speed controller, a cylinder, a, piston movable axially thereof and 4 adapted to provide a relatively-free transference of fluid in one direction through the piston by movements of the latter longitudinally of the cylinder in the opposite direction, said piston including a piston rod structure projecting beyond one end of the cylinder, said structure comprising a tubular member secured to the piston, and a rotatable member therein and havingitsinner end recessed to form a liquid chamber, said tubular member and rotatable member having co-inciding r openings communicating with said chamber adapted .to varythe passage of fluid from said recess to the cylinder, said tubular member and said rotatable member having a common external support adapted to prevent relative longitudinal movement of the members. 4. In a variable speed controller, a cylinder, a piston movable axially thereof and adapted to provide a relatively free transference of fluid in one direction through the piston movements of the lnttferlcngitudinallyofgth'e' cylinderjin the opposite direction', said piston including a" 'piston rod structure projectingib'eyond one end of the. cylind'er,f-said structure comprising a twibu-;

lar member. secured tc thepistonga nd a 1-0- tatabl'e member thereinandhaving'its inner "end irecesed; said tub111ar;--niember and rotatable ,member having? fco inciding openfings I adapted? t6 vary the passa e" of fluid 'fromsai c ss1m thecylinder, s a iditu bth 1m" member-and sfaid retsrtablejmemher hztv V .ing a. -c0mmon"externa1 snpport adapted to (member thereinand having its inner end v recessed, tdprctiide a liquid passage sa-id" 7 3O tubular member and rotatable-member hztvlng 'CO-lIICI dIIIgL- f openmgs communlcatlng' withi-seid;recessndzipted;to vary the passage-"cf fiu id from said recess -t'0{the cylinder; 3; stirrup membersecured "to the free 7 end cfthetubularflmember' and having a flange adaptedito"overlie the rotatable memher, and a-handl'e secured to said rotatable "member, eaid hmdle cotiperiiting with'fs I flange to" retain the rotatable" membe against axial movement rel atii'e tc the tubil 16; vzlrlablie speede contrcll ers a' j cy adapted to 'n'evidelzr relatively free trit piston by 1 11'0\{e1n: e'nts offthe liitterilong- .ml-ly of'the'cylinjdeli in 1t1'1e'0pp0site d1 t i0n,"{s aid {pistdn including" a piston strn'ct'lire projecting. beydnd Tdne end 6 v V cylinder, s'aidl St uct re Icimnp'rising tub] 'lar -membe1i s'ecuredtc th efpiston; a rotntii bl member therein; and having i innerien 1recess ed,1-said" tubular ineniberj and rctfita member'h aving cd-in'ciding openings-tide cured to'the free end-0f tIie-tL'IbUIdr mem atingwith said flan'ge'to retain therctatialbl e vmember,eugya inst5 axial movement flrelatiY thetiibillar "Inember,"'said stirrup: meinb -member in position to determined speed of filii transference; i 3 l 'lntestimonv wherebfl aflix my Signet re in presence of two Witnesses. M

la'r' member.

dexf, 'a ipis't'on mm'nble axially thereof- 11i edt'o Vary the" passagei-ofifiu'id-from 'SStid recess to the cylinder, a Stirrup member and l haying a; fi ange" adapted to lcver l ie' the rotatable member, and whandle secdifdtd said rotatable" member; said handle co6p'e r-- [having "an f-in'dicatdr, and/said rbttt zible member carrying fir device adapted -ctr-act with the indicator tc*- 10c"ate the "rotatable r'ovide for a 'REIN'HQLD ERMAN JAMES 'M. SPhAR; v A- -M-' PSQF- 1; 

